Recent advancements in cardiac surgery have included the use of robotics, transcatheter procedures, and minimally invasive techniques. Robotic cardiac surgeries enable doctors to perform complex procedures with greater precision and accuracy. Transarterial valve replacements (TAVR) are minimally invasive procedures that replace heart valves without the need for open heart surgery. Percutaneous transcatheter procedures are also minimally invasive, allowing doctors to access the heart through a small incision in the leg or arm, rather than performing open heart surgery. These advancements in cardiac surgery have improved patient outcomes, reduced recovery times, and expanded the range of treatments available for heart disease.